Law is a system of rules that people must follow in order to live peacefully together. It defines rights and responsibilities, ensuring that government officials and others who hold power are accountable to the people, and establishes the principles of justice, fairness and equality. It also guides the activities of a country or region, providing a basis for economic development and stability. Law shapes politics, culture and society in many ways, and serves as a mediator of relations between people.

For example, if two people claim the same piece of property, it is up to the law to decide who owns it. This avoids a conflict that could otherwise lead to violence.

In most countries, laws are created by the legislative branch of the government and enacted into effect by the executive branch. But the legal system also has a judicial branch that hears cases and provides interpretation and guidance for future court cases. The judicial branch is a key component of the system because it allows citizens to have their cases reviewed by a judge or panel, and to appeal any decision they are unhappy with.

A law article focuses on one specific aspect of the law, usually by explaining a recent or important case that has been decided by the courts. These articles are often published in legal journals and used as a resource for legal professionals. In addition, law students often use these articles for research and to gain a better understanding of the legal system.

The term law is derived from the Old Norse word lagu, meaning “order”. Historically, it has been defined as a set of commands, backed by threat of punishment, from a superior authority to his subjects. This utilitarian definition of law remained dominant until the 20th century when philosophers such as John Austin challenged it with a more naturalist view of law. The natural law school, led by Jean Jacques Rousseau and Jeremy Bentham, held that law reflects fundamental moral laws of nature.

Regardless of how law is defined, it is a vital component of any well-functioning society. It ensures that government officials and other powerful individuals are held accountable for their actions, and it helps to resolve conflicts between people, such as when two people claim the same piece of land. The law also sets the standards for social relationships, regulating such activities as marriage and divorce, inheritance and criminal activity. It is a complex and ever-changing entity, shaped by philosophy, culture and history. Articles on law can be found in the following collection of articles: